Diving & ROV specialists
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This website is the result of the combined efforts of scientists, document writers, engineers, divers, and client representatives. It stands as an independent platform committed to providing accurate and honest information, free of any external influences from pressure groups. However, maintaining this level of quality requires a significant time investment. As such, any support towards improving this project would be greatly appreciated. The following hyperlink permits contributions to be made via "Librapay.com", a platform for donation crowd-funding. As our principal office is in Thailand, the currency of reference for donations is the Thai Baht. It should be noted that 1 USD equals approximately 36-40 THB. .
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The documents categorized under the "Diving and ROV Specialists" and "CCO Ltd" headings are in line with this website's mission to act independently of external bodies by providing diving and ROV crews with reliable information that we consider appropriate to the subject matter. These resources are based on scientific and technical documentation held within our database and nationally and globally recognized standards and guidelines selected for their relevance. Click on the button below the image to view the available documents and their descriptions.
New scientic papers Various topic papers list
This section relates to underwater archaeology documents, museums and all activities that promote the history of diving and navigation. Our database contains about 204 papers by real archaeologists, UNESCO reports and regulations concerning these activities, which should be in accordance with the "United Nations Convention on the Parts of the Sea Under the Authority of States". There is also a list of downloadable museums. While archaeologists have often used the services of recreational divers for years, the exploration of deep wreck sites inaccessible to such divers may require them to use the services of professional diving and ROV teams, applying the procedures in force in the offshore industry. Please note that 22 new documents have been added to our database. Click on the button below to view the list.
New Cultural documents
Videos and animations are available through the main 'Documents' section; these are presentations of equipment, systems, and working practices provided by manufacturers, people at work, and various organizations, that can be used to illustrate courses, toolbox talks, and conferences. Based on the above, the database is regularly updated with documents related to the articles published in the "Food for Thought" and "Equipment to Consider" sections. Four new animations have been added to the database. You can see the list by clicking on the button below. You can also click on the images above to open the pages where they are described and can be opened.
New videos & animations
The purpose of this section is to provide small articles describing new equipment that may be useful in organizing underwater operations. Its other function is to highlight dangerous equipment, such as counterfeit or poorly designed or manufactured systems, which may expose users to hazardous conditions. Please note that our previous articles remain in our database and can be consulted at any time. Click on the button below to access them.
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Please note that the hyperlinks to the guidelines and information notes indexed in this section are provided for informational purposes only. "Diving and ROV Specialists.com" assumes no responsibility for the creation of any of these documents. As stated in our "About Us" section, we operate independently and have no plans to seek organizational membership. Our mission is to furnish diving and ROV teams with reliable information written by us or others, including materials published by professional organizations that we consider integral to our responsibilities. Nevertheless, as elucidated in Diving Management Studies CCO Ltd #7 and #11's conclusion, every guideline put forth by an organization must be scrutinized by qualified individuals who determine its feasibility for their respective companies' utilization. In other words, it is your prerogative to deem each document on this page suitable or unsuitable for all aspects of your diving and ROV operations.
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Diving doctors & clinics Medical equipment Diving equipment manufacturers & suppliers Underwater tools and their surface support equipment ROV and AUV manufacturers Underwater navigation and visualization systems Logistic supporting services Ship chartering companies Shipyards Training establishments & Recruitment agencies Banks, insurances, and medical assistance
The Logistics section includes the following sub-sections, which provide links to manufacturers and service providers. As with all our other sections, we take pride in checking the hyperlinks every time we update the site. However, it is important to note that websites can malfunction for various reasons, even if they have worked seamlessly during the overhaul.
The "Food for Thought" section disseminates concise articles on various topics, providing readers with thought-provoking material that facilitates the analysis of potential new markets and events that may affect our respective professions now or in the future. By adopting a non-monocultural approach to the development of our professions, we can broaden our horizons and remain adaptable to changing circumstances. Please note that previous publications in this section remain in our database and can be consulted at any time. Click the button provided below to access the list and choose your preferred article.
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Studies of ROV and AUV Concepts
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Docs diving & ROV specialists
Edition of the 29th of August 2025
This section contains papers dealing with technologies applicable to remotely operated and autonomous underwater vehicles. They can be considered scientific studies dedicated to the above- mentioned equipment. 61 documents have been added to our database, which contains documents from the fifties to the present days. Click on the button below to open the list of these new documents.
Environmental studies list
Courtesy of Fabrice Pipault
Modular pontoons
Note the documents “BMP Maritime Security” and “Maritime Industry Security Treat Overview (MISTO)” below, which have been edited with the support of most of the organizations listed in this section. Applying the recommendations from these documents will: Assist in planning voyages and offshore activities. Improve understanding of marine threats and their impacts. Reduce the likelihood of involvement in a maritime security incident. Help determine mitigations to keep the crew and ship safe. Provide reference information sources. Specify contacts and reporting procedures for emergencies and welfare assistance.
 Courtesy of Fabrice Pipault
The Diving Management Study CCO Ltd. #13, “Gap analysis between NORMAM-15/DPC- 2011 and NORMAM-222/DPC saturation diving procedures”, compares the original COMEX-based 2011 saturation procedures with the new NORMAM-222/DPC procedures published in 2023 to determine whether the new guidelines align with the original decompression model and, if changes exist, whether they are documented and consistent.
The surface-supplied diving manuals MT-92 and DCIEM have been consolidated into a single handbook comprising 8 books that better emphasize the comprehension and prevention of accidents related to diving operations, the description and maintenance of surface-supplied diving systems, the management of weather, communications, surface support, and underwater vehicles, as well as the implementation of the MT-92 and DCIEM decompression procedures.
Many new documents have been added to the website database, which will be included in future "Diving Management Studies CCO Ltd" and manuals. In the meantime, the diving management studies and manuals below have been created or updated:
The study CCO Ltd. No. 5, initially titled "Implement NORMAM-15 /DPC," is now titled "Implement NORMAM-15 /DPC-2011 Saturation Diving Procedures" to reflect the findings of the gap analysis mentioned above, which reveals that NORMAM-222/DPC is no longer compliant with the original COMEX procedure published in 2011 and is both undocumented and inconsistent, resulting in its non-adoption.
"Compression and excursion parameters for saturation dives 0-250 msw” NUI has been required by the Petroleum Safety Authority Norway (PSA) to compare commercial heliox saturation compression and excursion procedures for diving up to 250 msw. This study is an example of how competent bodies should proceed to ensure that national procedures are correctly documented and current.
"Diving practices within the technical diving community and behavior towards self- reported unusual symptoms" is a study based on the analysis of responses from 558 recreational divers with advanced certification levels to relevant questionnaires. The study revealed that treatment of diving accidents appears to be neglected despite the divers' high knowledge levels. We consider that commercial divers should also take into account the conclusion of this study.
We continue to enrich our database with scientific documents actively. Note that although most of these documents cover phenomena related to diving, many of them also cover health problems associated with the use of ROVs and various deck activities. Therefore, these papers should be considered the basis on which guidelines and standards should be built and should always be mentioned by the authors of these procedures, guidelines, and standards.
This study investigates how the integration of biomimetic pectoral fins into a robotic fish improves maneuverability, stability, and braking efficiency. A 1-DOF fin mechanism was tested on the SpineWave robot, showing a 50% reduction in stopping distance. The fin-assisted modes enable precise control, promising advances in underwater exploration, monitoring, and rescue operations, and laying the foundations for future research.
As mentioned in the previous editions, we continue to work diligently to expand our database with a wide variety of documents related to bio-inspired underwater vehicles and advances in the field of artificial intelligence. Among the papers included in this edition, we highlight the study titled "Pectoral Fin-Assisted Braking and Agile Turning: A biometric Approach to Improve Underwater Robot Maneuvrability" by Qu He, Yunpeng Zhu, Weikun Li, Weicheng Cui, and Dixia Fan.
Our database has been enriched with an additional 195 papers covering various topics, such as: Diving and ROV procedures. Historical diving First aid International conventions and national laws. Technical documents regarding vessels and diving systems Non-destructive inspection techniques Underwater mapping Underwater construction techniques Kindly click on the provided link below to access the full list.
In addition to the documents mentioned above, environmental concerns continue to grow. Therefore, 106 new papers on these topics have been added to the database, whose list can be viewed by clicking the button below.
In previous editions, we have highlighted the increasing reliance on Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) and Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) for non-destructive testing (NDT) inspections, mapping, and numerous construction tasks. In addition, we should also focus on other new techniques designed to meet the specific requirements of construction engineering, in terms of reinforcement and life prediction of platforms and pipelines, as outlined in the papers below:
"Prediction of Failure Pressure of Sulfur- Corrosion-Defective Pipelines Based on GABP Neural Networks" by Li Zhu, Yi Xia, Bin Jia, and Jingyang Ma investigates steel pipeline degradation in sulfur-rich environments, and proposes a predictive model combining the Johnson-Cook constitutive model and a genetic algorithm to forecast failures.
“Vibration Control of Deepwater Offshore Platform Using Viscous Dampers Under Wind, Wave, and Earthquake” by Kaien Jiang, Huiyang Li, Guoer Lv, Lizhong Wang, Lilin Wang, and Huafeng Yu explores the use of mechanical devices designed to absorb and dissipate kinetic energy to protect offshore platforms against naturally occurring hazards and prolong their life.
Among the numerous documents on the pollution of the marine environment resulting from industrial activities, it must be considered that although the petroleum and diving industries demonstrate a better awareness of these harms and their impacts, there is still room for improvement, as illustrated by the papers below.
The study, "Effects of Ship Pollution on Marine Life" by Rasik Akhtar Apon reviews the sources of pollution from ships and marine structures, including oil spills, garbage, sewage, chemical discharges, engine emissions, anti-fouling paint, various noise pollution, and the impacts of ship-transported invasive species on marine ecosystems.
“Offshore oil and gas infrastructure plays a minor role in marine metapopulation dynamics” is a paper by Ronen Galaiduk, Dianne L. McLean, Conrad W. Speed, Dougal Greer, Rhys McIntosh, and Eric A. Treml that evaluates the impact of the removal of offshore oil and gas infrastructure on marine populations and recommends their removal on a case-by-case basis.
Modular floating pontoons, originating from military WWII engineering, are now used in civil and marine operations such as diving, ROV work, port facilities, and temporary jetties, especially in shallow, inaccessible waters. These lightweight, road-transportable units, typically made of steel or high-density polyethylene, consist of rectangular or square modules assembled via proprietary clamping systems into various configurations. They can be filled with foam for safety and equipped with thrusters for self-propulsion. Large units can be fitted with dynamic positioning systems. They are suitable for lakes, rivers, ports, and even open seas and offer flexible, cost-effective surface support and easy-to-install temporary jetties on challenging access banks.
Road-transportable modular pontoons
National institutions must lead by example regarding the publication of official documents. Discussion August 2025
The publication of the NORMAM-222/DPC saturation diving procedures that supersede the NORMAM-15/DPC is presented as a significant step by the Brazilian authorities. In light of these developments, we undertook a detailed comparison between the updated saturation diving procedures and the original COMEX-based NORMAM-15/DPC-2011 model, which formed the foundations of the CCO Ltd Diving Management study #5 entitled "Implement Saturation Diving Procedures Normam-15/DPC-2011", first published in February 2019. This analysis identified several differences between the new NORMAM-222/DPC procedures and the initial 2011 ones, the rationales for which are not documented in a way that allows a scientific and technical validation, despite the explanations provided by the authorities' representatives. Consequently, to maintain operational safety and consistency, we recommend applying the previous procedures NORMAM-15/DPC-2011 as described in the CCO Ltd Diving Management study #5, pending further scientifically documented clarifications. Please note that our method of work is based on an approach that emphasizes the benefits of combining regulatory updates with transparent methodology, science-driven justification, and the collective insight of experienced practitioners. Such a process ensures that each change is clearly understood, widely accepted, and demonstrably aligned with the highest safety standards. Therefore, in addition to highlighting that the modifications made to the NORMAM-222 saturation procedures lack documented evidence and do not align with the “World Medical Association - Declaration of Helsinki on Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects,” this study should be viewed as an opportunity for the Brazilian authorities to collaboratively review these procedures, enabling them to become a global model of highly reliable practices. Click on the button below to open this post.