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Environmental studies 2021
Authors:
Krzysztof Doerffer, Patrycja Bałdowska-Witos, Michał
Pysz, Piotr Doerffer, and Andrzej Tomporowski.
Abstract:
Wind power plants are considered an ecologically-
clean source of energy. However, manufacturing
processes cannot be treated that way. Manufacturing
processes consume huge amounts of electrical and
thermal energy and a significant quantity of materials,
e.g., steel, polymers, oils, and lubricants. All of the
above could be potentially harmful to the
environment. There are not many works and
publications regarding the life-cycle analysis of wind
power plants. This study’s objective is to use LCA (Life
Cycle Assessment) to the manufacturing and utilization
of a specific drag force-driven wind turbine.
Authors:
Patrycja Bałdowska-Witos, Krzysztof Doerffer, Michał
Pysz, Piotr Doerffer, Andrzej Tomporowski.
Abstract:
The conversion of wind kinetic energy into electricity
in innovative wind power plants emits practically no
harmful substances into the environment. However,
the production stage of its components requires a lot
of energy and materials. The biggest problem during
the production planning process of an innovative
wind power plant is the selection of materials and
technologies and, consequently, the waste generated
at this stage. Therefore, this publication aimed to
conduct an environmental analysis of the life cycle of
elements of a wind turbine through the life cycle
assessment (LCA) method.
Authors:
Vicente Puig-Pons, Ester Soliveres, Isabel Pérez-Arjona,
Victor Espinosa, Pedro Poveda-Martínez, Jaime Ramis-
Soriano, Patricia Ordoñez-Cebrián, Marek Moszy´nski,
Fernando de la Gándara, Manuel Bou-Cabo, José L.
Cort, and Eladio Santaella.
Abstract:
Underwater noise has been identified as relevant
pollution affecting marine ecosystems in different ways.
Despite the numerous studies performed over the last
few decades regarding the adverse effect of
underwater noise on marine life, a lack of knowledge
and methodological procedures still exists, and results
are often tentative or qualitative. A monitoring
methodology for the behavioral response of bluefin
tuna (Thunnus thynnus) when exposed to ship and
wind turbine operational noises was implemented and
tested in a fixed commercial tuna feeding cage in the
Mediterranean sea.
Authors:
Laura Florentina Gușatu , Stefano Menegon , Daniel
Depellegrin, Christian Zuidema, André Faaij, & Claudia
Yamu.
Abstract:
The North Sea basin is one of the busiest maritime
areas globally, with a considerable number of
anthropogenic pressures impacting the functioning of
the marine ecosystem. Due to growing EU ambitions
to deploy large offshore Wind Farm Projects (OWF) as
part of the 2050 renewable energy roadmap, there is
a key need for a holistic understanding of OWF's
potential impacts on the marine ecosystem. The
authors propose a holistic Cumulative Effect
Assessment methodology, applied using a geospatial
open-source software, to assess impacts of OWF
related pressures on selected seabed habitats, fish,
seabird, and mammal species.
Authors:
Robin Brabant, Yves Laurent, Bob Jonge Poerink, and
Steven Degraer.
Abstract:
Some species of bats migrate over long distances
between their summer roosts and winter areas.
During migration, many man-made obstacles, such as
wind farms, can pose a collision risk for bats. As it is
known that bats can fly over the open sea during
migration, and offshore wind farms can also be
problematic. We studied the presence of bats during
migration at several North Sea locations with the aim
of understanding the weather conditions triggering
bat migration at sea.
Authors:
Bettina Taylor, Mikhail Durkin, Linda Weilgart, Eleonora
Panella, Eleonora Panella, Russell Leaper, Nicolas
Entrup, Linda Weilgart, Denise Risch, Tobias Troll,
Stefanie Werner,
Abstract:
Anthropogenic underwater noise is a major
conservation problem that severely impacts marine
species in all oceans. Noise comes from offshore
construction, transport as well as resource exploration
and extraction and adds to the cumulative
environmental impacts from other anthropogenic
pressures. The EU Marine Strategy Framework
Directive requires anthropogenic noise to be at levels
that do not adversely affect the marine environment.
However, the focus has been on monitoring with no
yet widely agreed ways to assess whether good
environmental status is being achieved with respect to
underwater noise.
Authors:
Min Zhang, Xiaoli Shi, Feizhou Chen, Zhen Yang, &
Yang Yu.
Abstract:
The extent of intra-annual turnover in phytoplankton
communities is directly associated with the overall
diversity. However, the understanding of the
underlying causes and effects of intra- annual turnover
remains limited.
The authors of this study performed a two-season
investigation of the phytoplankton composition in the
lakes of the Yangtze River catchment in China in spring
and summer 2012, which covered a regional spatial
scale.
Authors:
Loïc Van Audenhaege, Emmeline Broad, Katharine R.
Hendry, and Veerle A. I. Huvenne.
Recent advances in deep-sea exploration with
underwater vehicles have led to the discovery of
vertical environments inhabited by diverse sessile fauna.
However, despite their ecological importance, vertical
habitats remain poorly characterized by conventional
downward-looking survey techniques. The authors
present a high-resolution 3-dimensional habitat map of
a vertical cliff hosting a suspension-feeding community
at the flank of an underwater glacial trough in the
Greenland waters of the Labrador Sea. A Remotely
Operated Vehicle (ROV) with a high-resolution
multibeam echosounder was used to map out the
topography of the
deep-sea terrain, including the backscatter intensity.
The navigational accuracy was improved by combining
the USBL and the DVL navigation of the ROV. Multi-
scale terrain descriptors were derived and assigned to
the 3D point cloud of the terrain.
Authors:
M N Lyutikova, I M Dantsevich, S I Pankina
Abstract:
The intelligent underwater laboratory is designed to
study the properties of water, polluting factors with the
determination of the source of pollution. The
laboratory consists of a self-propelled autonomous
vehicle with a three-propulsion system and a static
immersion and ascent system. The multi-propulsion
control system enables maneuverability of the device.
The solution of the positioning problem by adjusting
the coefficients and obtaining new maneuverable
capabilities of the device provides performing the
inspection on the bottom of the vessel, the screw part,
and taking water samples.
Authors:
Cong Wang, Zhen Li, Tan Wang, Xianbao Xu,
Xiaoshuan Zhang, Daoliang Li.
Intelligent fish farm tries to deal with the precise work
of increasing oxygen, optimizing feeding, reducing
disease incidences, and accurately harvesting through
“replacing humans with machines” to liberate the
staffing completely and realize green and sustainable
aquaculture. This paper reviews the application of
intelligent fishery equipment, IoT, edge, computing,
5G, and artificial intelligence algorithms in modern
aquaculture and analyzes the existing problems and
future development prospects.
Authors:
Marie J. ZahnID, Kristin L. Laidre, Peter Stilz, Marianne
H. Rasmussen, Jens C. Koblitz.
Echolocation signals of wild beluga whales
(Delphinapterus leucas) were recorded in 2013 using
a vertical, linear 16-hydrophone array at two locations
in the pack ice of Baffin Bay, West Greenland.
Individual whales were localized for 4:42 minutes of
1:04 hours of recordings. Clicks centered on the
recording equipment (i.e. on-axis clicks) were isolated
to calculate sonar parameters.
Authors:
Marie J. Zahn, Shannon Rankin, Jennifer L. K.
McCullough, Jens C. Koblitz, Frederick Archer,
Marianne H. Rasmussen, & Kristin L. Laidre.
Belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) and narwhals
(Monodon monoceros) are highly social Arctic
toothed whales with large vocal repertoires and similar
acoustic profiles. Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM),
which uses multiple hydrophones over large
spatiotemporal scales, has been a primary method to
study their populations, particularly in response to
rapid climate change and increasing underwater
noise.
Authors:
Nausheen Mazhar, Ali Iqtadar Mirza, Zayanah Sohail
Butt, Muhammad Nawaz, Muhammad Ameer Nawaz
Akram.
Tarbela Dam is a giant, rock-fill dam on the Indus River
in Pakistan, built after a 1960 water treaty between
India & Pakistan. Its main functions are hydropower
and irrigation, and sedimentation is threatening it.
This study aims to monitor Tarbela reservoir's
underwater delta pivot point advancement and its
forecast mapping.
Author: Jesus Sanchez Rodrıguez
This document is a thesis that discusses the undulatory
swimming of aquatic animals at high Reynolds
numbers, where the inertial forces predominate.
Aquatic locomotion involves an intricate interaction
between a swimmer and its environment. Therefore,
understanding this process requires considering the
fluid-structure interaction of the swimmer moving
within a fluid and the sensory perception that feeds
back its motile activity.
Author:
Inga Dehnert, Luca Saponari, Paolo Galli, and Simone
Montano
As part of a conservation management strategy, the
need for comprehensive and effective coral restoration
projects is accelerating in the face of coral reef
ecosystem decline. This study aims to expand the
currently limited knowledge base for restoration
techniques in the Maldives by testing the performance
of mid-water rope nurseries in a lagoon and a reef
habitat.
Publisher: European Maritime Safety Agency
Shipping is a primary contributor to anthropogenic
noises, which have increased faster than the size of the
world fleet. Despite their potentially harmful impacts
on marine fauna, the subject currently has a low
priority over other concerns, such as greenhouse gas
(GHG) emissions. Moreover, the absence of
(international) policy and noise limits is slowing
progress on mitigation. Nevertheless, efforts are being
made to increase attention to the subject, exemplified
by the recent agreement at the International Maritime
Organisation (IMO) to review existing guidelines and
propose future work.
Authors:
Donatas Bagocius, Aleksas Naršcius, Olga Anne.
This paper presents an example of ship noise emission
modeling application for the narrow Klaipėda
Harbour area, along with the results obtained
throughout 2015–2017.
Authors:
Emilia Lilande, Mikael Svedendahl, Robin Nordstrom-
Larsson, Torbjorn Johansson, & Mathias H Andersson.
This study aims to increase the knowledge regarding
the impact of underwater noise emission from
maritime activities on the marine environment by
investigating the soundscape in a specific area and
developing a framework for automatic acquisition of
underwater radiated noise from ships from
opportunistic measurement data.
Author: Moustafa Elshafei, Abdelrahman Ibrahim, Amr
Helmy, Mostafa Abdallah, Amgad Eldeib,
Moustafa Badawy, and Sayed AbdelRazek
This paper presents a study to utilize Lake Nasser’s
surface for massive solar energy production while
significantly reducing the loss of water by evaporation
from the lake surface.
Author: A C Santos-Borja.
To deal with concerns about the environmental and
social impacts of the use of natural lakes for floating
solar farms in the Philippines, the Laguna Lake
Development Authority allowed several floating solar
farms to operate for one year, subject to various
monitoring, including the water quality.
Author: Tomasz Kolerski, Parisa Radan and Dariusz G
asiorowski.
One of the main elements in floating photovoltaic
systems is the forces imposed on the panels, and ice
interaction with the structures is considered the
dominant load in the northern regions. This study aims
to identify the limitations imposed on a floating PV
structure located in the Lapino Reservoir on the
Radunia River in Poland, produced by the wind action
on the ice cover.
Authors:
Withaya Yongchareon, Sumlee Thongthew, and
Pensiri Juncharoent.
This study aimed to find the predicted equation for
forecasting the energy produced from photovoltaic
modules. The elements for this study were collected
using the data from the solar farm in Nakhon
Ratchasima province in Thailand regarding solar
irradiation, ambient temperature, modules'
temperature, and wind velocity.
Author: Debajit Misra
This document makes a status of the problems arising
from the implementation of traditional land solar farms
in India, and the advantages of using floated structures
in place.
Authors: Surender Rangaraju, Osama Isaac, Abhijit
Ghosh, Phu Le Vo, Shakthi Bharath.
Solar panels have a maximum life of 20 to 25 years
and can release toxic substances that can be
dangerous and pollute the environment beyond these
limits. For this reason, they must be appropriately
recycled after their end of life. In this paper, the authors
focus on the various approach for recycling solar panel
and their effectiveness.
Authors: Ricardo Rebelo, Luís Fialho, Maria Helena
Novais.
This study discusses the potential degradation of
electrical insulation of photovoltaic cables and,
consequently, energy production losses and water
contamination, which is dangerous. For this reason,
photovoltaic wires with two different insulation
materials were tested in freshwater and artificial
seawater to replicate real-life conditions when FPV
systems are located in reservoirs or the marine
environment.
Author: Chansatya Meas.
This thesis suggests recommendations to manage PV
solar waste properly in Thailand. For this reason,
analyses from the floating solar plant in the
abandoned mining area, Lianghuai 3 in China are
used, considering that Thailand can draw lessons
learned from this country on how to manage PV solar
waste in an environmentally friendly manner
Author: Vanessa I. Stenvers, Rob E. Sherlock, Kim R.
Reisenbichler, & Bruce H. Robison
Gill parasites of coleoid cephalopods are frequently
observed during remotely operated vehicle (ROV)
dives in the Monterey Submarine Canyon. However,
little knowledge exists on the identity of the parasite
species or their effects on the cephalopod community.
With the help of ROV-collected specimens and in situ
footage from the past 27 years, the authors report on
their identity, prevalence and potential infection
strategy.
Authors: Junyi Wang, Jiaming Hu, and Yun Chen.
This edition marks the 10th anniversary of the Energy
Transition Index (ETI). In the past decade,
The authors of this article propose a composite
structure based on a broadband low-frequency sound
absorber of air using aluminum mixed with rubber. the
composite structure possesses broadband low-
frequency (<1,000 Hz) sound absorption underwater,
omnidirectional high sound absorption coefficient
under the oblique incidence (0–75 degrees), and
pressure resistance.
Authors: Antony J. Birchill, A. D. Beaton, Tom Hull, Jan
Kaiser, Matt Mowlem, R. Pascal, A. Schaap,
Yoana G. Voynova, C. Williams, & M. Palmer
The ability to make measurements of phosphate
concentrations at temporal and spatial scales beyond
those offered by shipboard observations provides new
opportunities for investigations of the marine
phosphorus cycle. This paper describes the first in situ
dataset from an underwater glider (Kongsberg
Seaglider) equipped with a Lab-on-Chip analyzer.
Authors: Ross Jones, Mari-Carmen Pineda, Heidi M.
Luter, Rebecca Fisher, David Francis,
Wojciech Klonowski, and Matthew Slivkoff
Sola
Hyper-spectral and multi-spectral light sensors were
used to examine the effects of elevated suspended
sediment concentration (SSC) on the quantity and
quality (spectral changes) of underwater downwelling
irradiance in the turbid-zone coral reef communities of
the inner, central Great Barrier Reef (GBR).
Authors: Tiago C. A. Oliveira, Ying-Tsong Lin, and
Michael B. Porter
Three-dimensional (3D) effects can profoundly
influence underwater sound propagation in shallow-
water environments, affecting the underwater
soundscape. Various geological features and coastal
oceanographic processes can cause horizontal
reflection, refraction, and diffraction of underwater
sound. In this work, the ability of a parabolic equation
(PE) model to simulate sound propagation in the
highly complicated shallow water environment of
Long Island Sound (United States east coast) is
investigated.
Authors:
Mohammad Daher Hazaimeh, & Enas S. Ahmed
This paper provides a critical view of petroleum
pollution in seawater, the bioavailability of petroleum
compounds, the contribution of microorganisms in
petroleum degradation, and the mechanisms of
degradation under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.
It considers different biodegradation approaches such
as biostimulation, bioaugmentation, and
phytoremediation.
Authors:
Polina Galitskaya, Liliya Biktasheva, Sergey Blagodatsky,
& Svetlana Selivanovskaya
Petroleum pollution of soils is a major environmental
problem. Soil microorganisms can decompose a
significant fraction of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil at
low concentrations (1–5%). This characteristic
can be used for soil remediation after oil pollution.
Authors: Zoyem Gouafo Mathurin & Talla Pierre Kisito
The MEWOU river, which runs through the town of
Bafoussam (Algeria), is one of the main sources of
drinking water and irrigation for the people who live
there. It is subject to intense agricultural and industrial
activity all along its banks.
Soap and oil factories generate pollution in the form of
liquid effluent which is released without any form of
treatment. Samples were analyzed during the months
of March, April and May of the year 2021 that show
values above those prescibed by the World Health
Organization.
Authors:
Walter Cristiano, Cristina Giacoma, Mario Carere, Laura
Mancini
Chemical pollution, i.e. the release of anthropogenic
chemical substances into the environment, is a driver
of biodiversity loss. Although this issue has been widely
investigated in high-income countries of temperate
regions, there is a lack of data for tropical areas of
middle- or low-income countries, such as those in
Eastern Africa.
A contribution in systemising the scientific literature
related to this topic is, therefore, urgently needed.
Authors: Q. Zhao, R.Z. Gao, D. Xia, L. Xia, W.Q. Zhu,
and W.N. Xu
The objective of this study is to understand the
characteristics of vegetation communities under
different vegetation eco-restoration models.
Vegetation coverage, dominant species, species
composition, and species diversity of vegetation
community under different vegetation eco-restoration
modes were analyzed by field survey.
Publisher: Ocean and Coastal research (57 scientists)
This paper presents major gaps and challenges for
implementing the UN Decade of Ocean Science for
Sustainable Development (2021-2030) in the
Mediterranean region. The authors make
recommendations on the scientific knowledge needs
and co-design actions identified during two
consultations, part of the decade preparatory-phase,
framing them in the Mediterranean Sea’s unique
environmental and socio-economic perspectives.
According to the ‘Mediterranean State of the
Environment and Development Report 2020’ by the
United Nations, despite notable progress, the
Mediterranean region is not on track to achieve and
fully implement the Sustainable Development Goals of
Agenda 2030.
Authors: Xinguo Zhao, Shuge Sun, Wei Shi, Xuemei
Sun, Yan Zhang, Lin Zhu, Qi Sui, Bin Xia,
Keming Qu, Bijuan Chen, and Guangxu Liu
The increasing underwater noise generated by
anthropogenic activities has been recognized as a
significant and pervasive pollution in the marine
environment. Marine mussels are a family of sessile
bivalves that attach to solid surfaces via the abyssal
threads. They are widely distributed along worldwide
coastal areas and are of great ecological and socio-
economic importance. Studies found that
anthropogenic noise negatively affected many
biological processes of marine organisms. However,
the potential impacts of anthropogenic noise on
mussel byssal attachment remain unknown.
.
Author:
Benjamin J. Saunders, Ronen Galaiduk, Karina
Inostroza, Elisabeth M. V. Myers, Jordan S. Goetze,
Mark Westera, Luke Twomey, Denise McCorry, and
Euan S. Harvey
The aim of this study was to document the
composition and distribution of deep-water fishes
associated with a submarine canyon-valley feature. A
work-class Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) fitted
with stereo-video cameras was used to record fish
abundance and assemblage composition along
transects at water depths between
300 and 900 metres.
Authors: Tomasz Wolski, & Bernard Wisniewski
Understanding the characteristics of storm surges is
especially important in the context of ongoing climate
changes, which often lead to catastrophic events in
the coastal zones of seas and oceans.
For this reason, this paper presents the characteristics
of the Baltic Sea storm surges and trends in their
occurrences through the past 60 years. The study
material was based on hourly sea level readings,
spanning the years 1961 to 2020, retrieved from 45
Baltic Sea tide gauges, as well as air pressure and wind
field data.
