Scientific papers 2024 - Part B
Authors:
Maher Khalife, Michele Salvagno, Maurice Sosnowski, and
Costantino Balestra
This study assesses the effectiveness of a normobaric
oxygen paradox (NOP) protocol in stimulating
erythropoiesis in cancer patients undergoing abdominal
surgeries to determine whether NOP can increase
reticulocyte counts, indicating enhanced erythropoiesis in
this patient population. It details the methodology used,
results, and conclusions, highlighting the potential of NOP
therapy while acknowledging the need for further
research.
Authors:
Irina Popova, Evgeniya Dvurekova, Aleksandr Sysoev
This study investigates the body composition and
microcirculation characteristics of qualified divers using
different types of gymnastic equipment to understand
how these factors can improve the effectiveness of
training for divers. It provides specific results regarding
changes in body composition and microcirculatory
function among divers, and highlights the importance of
these findings for enhancing training effectiveness.
Authors:
Thomas Kjeld, Anders Brenøe Isbrand, Henrik Christian
Arendrup, Jens Højberg, Jacob Bejder, Thomas O. Krag,
John Vissing, Lars Poulsen Tolbod, Johannes Hendrik
Harms, Lars Christian Gormsen, Dan Fuglø, and Egon
Godthaab Hansen
This study investigates the physiological adaptations of
elite breath-hold divers (BHD) during apnea, comparing
them to diving mammals like Bottlenose Dolphins to
explore whether BHD have similar oxygen-conserving
mechanisms, focusing on pulmonary blood volume (PBV)
and alveolar ventilation to perfusion ratio (V A /Q). It
details the methods used, the results obtained, and
highlighs the adaptations of BHD in terms of pulmonary
function and oxygen delivery.
Authors:
Tatjana Baldovin, Francesco Bassan, Chiara Bertoncello,
Alessandra Buja, Silvia Cocchio, Marco Fonzo, and
Vincenzo Baldo
This paper advocates for integrating healthcare simulation
into the training of health professionals, particularly in the
field of Public Health. It highlights the benefits of
simulation in improving clinical performance, reducing
costs, and enhancing education standards. Additionally, it
proposes a pilot project to train professionals using an
interdisciplinary and innovative approach to improve
patient quality and safety further.
Authors:
Irina Evgenievna Popova, Aleksander Vladimirovich
Sysoev, and Viktor Leonidovich Kondakov
This paper conveys research findings on the importance of
neuromuscular development for achieving high
performance in diving. It discusses the correlation
between neuromuscular function and the composition of
muscle and adipose tissue in divers, emphasizing the need
to develop muscle mass and reduce fat to enhance nerve
impulse conductivity and muscle synchronization,
ultimately improving diving performance.
Authors:
Lucille Daubresse, Aurélie Portas, Alexandrine Bertaud,
Marion Marlinge, Sandrine Gaillard, Jean-Jacques Risso,
Céline Ramdani, Jean-Claude Rostain, Nabil Adjiriou,
Anne-Virginie Desruelle, Jean-Eric Blatteau, Régis Guieu,
and Nicolas Vallée
This study investigates the effects of CO2 exposure on the
occurrence of decompression sickness (DCS) in mice to
evaluate whether breathing CO2 prior to a dive increases
the risk of DCS and explores the potential role of body
temperature and microbiota composition in influencing
the outcomes. It details the methodology and results,
highlighting the significant increase in DCS incidence
following CO2 exposure and suggesting a link between
microbiota, thermogenesis, and susceptibility to DCS.
Authors:
T. A. Giacon, Simona Mrakic-Sposta, G. Bosco, A. Vezzoli,
Cinzia Dellanoce, M. Campisi, M. Narici, M. Paganini, B.
Foing, A. Kołodziejczyk, M. Martinelli, S. Pavanello
This study investigates the effects of isolation, circadian
rhythm disruption, and psychophysical stress on humans
in a simulated space environment to understand how
these factors impact stress responses, sleep quality, and
oxidative stress levels in individuals participating in an
analog astronaut mission. The text outlines the methods
used, the results obtained, and the conclusions drawn
from the experiment, highlighting the potential
implications for human performance in space missions.
Authors:
Władysław Wolanski, Stanisław Pełka, Józef Ramisc
This document reports on the findings of a pilot program
that incorporated psychological testing into the
recruitment process for military and scuba divers,
highlighting the importance of psychological assessments
in determining the suitability of candidates for diving
training and service, suggesting that such testing should
be a standard part of the selection process, as is done in
other countries.
Authors:
Emmanuel Dugrenot, Anthony Guernec, Jérémy Orsat,
François Guerrero
This study focused on understanding the mechanisms of
decompression sickness (DCS) through genetic and
molecular analysis. It involves selectively bred rats with
increased resistance to DCS and uses analyses to identify
pathways related to inflammatory and immune responses,
as well as other cellular processes. It shares the research
methodology, results, and conclusions, highlighting the
discovery of similar pathways in both male and female
rats, which could contribute to a better understanding of
gene expression and phenotype differences related to
DCS.
Authors:
Emmanuel Gouin, David PM Monnot, Thierry Michot,
François Guerrero, Jean-Eric Blatteau
This small presentation introduces the findings of a study
conducted on the practices and incidents related to deep
diving using helium-mixed-gas, specifically within the
technical diving community, to provide an
epidemiological overview of diving practices, risk factors,
and the occurrence and management of diving-related
incidents.
Authors:
Rhiannon J. Brenner, Kiran A. Balan, Marie P. L. Andersen,
Emmanuel Dugrenot, Xavier C. E. Vrijdag, Hanna Van
Waart & Frauke Tillmans
This paper provides a narrative review of the nutritional
recommendations for recreational scuba divers. It aims to
summarize existing guidelines, highlight the physiological
challenges divers face, and identify research gaps
regarding the relationship between nutritional intake and
the health and safety of divers. In addition, it outlines
specific dietary recommendations based on workload and
diving conditions, emphasizing the importance of
macronutrient distribution and protein intake.
Authors: Muinat Abolore Idris, Christine Markham, Kristina
D. Mena, and William B. Perkison
This presentation describes findings on the factors
affecting heat stress among construction workers,
specifically in the context of natural gas construction sites.
It aims to identify barriers and facilitators to worker safety
and evaluate the effectiveness of a heat stress intervention
program. In addition, it provides recommendations for
improving the safety, health, and well-being of
construction workers in hot environments, emphasizing
the need for employee involvement, employer
management, accessible resources, mandatory rest breaks,
and comprehensive heat stress education.
Authors:
Luigi Fattorini, Angelo Rodio, Tommaso Di Libero, Cristian
Ieno, Giovanna Tranfo, Daniela Pigini, Alessandro Pinto,
and Enrico Marchetti
This paper describes the findings of a study on the
physiological effects of SCUBA diving on heart rate (HR) at
different depths that involved recording the HR of 18
healthy subjects while diving in thermal water at a
constant temperature to understand how HR changes
during various phases of a dive and at varying depths,
highlighting the physiological adjustments and cardiac
stress associated with diving.
Author: Tom S. Neuman
This document explains the physiological problems
associated with decompression from elevated atmospheric
pressures, mainly focusing on the effects on divers. It
discusses two main categories of issues: mechanical
injuries due to gas expansion and the formation of gas
phases in tissues leading to decompression sickness (DCS).
It also delves into specific conditions, such as pulmonary
overinflation syndromes and arterial gas embolism (AGE),
describing their causes, symptoms, and potential
outcomes.
Authors: Robert A van Hulst, & Pieter-Jan AM van Ooij
This document is a retrospective study on lung function in
military divers, specifically focusing on the incidence of
lung abnormalities such as blebs and bullae and the role
of computed tomography (CT) scans in assessing fitness to
dive. It informs and advises on best practices for evaluating
divers' lung health, suggesting the use of Global Lung
Initiative reference values and recommending high-
resolution CT scans only for those with clinical indications.
Author: Neal W. Pollock
This paper aims to inform and advise divers about the
importance of thermal protection in coldwater diving
environments. It highlights the potential hazards
associated with inadequate and excessive thermal
protection, emphasizing the need for careful consideration
of safety over comfort, discussing the limitations of current
dive computers in assessing thermal status, and
suggesting that divers are responsible for managing their
thermal protection to ensure safety during dives.
Authors:
Hadrien Pique, Sigrid Theunissen, Costantino Balestra,
Juani Valdivia, Oleg Melikho
This study investigates the prevalence of preterm birth
among elite freedivers and its potential impact on their
performance to determine whether being born
prematurely affects freediving results. It concludes that
while the proportion of preterm births is higher among
elite freedivers compared to the general population, there
is no significant difference in performance between
preterm and full-term athletes.
Authors: Jan Risberg, Helle Midtgaard
This paper reports and analyze an unusual incident of
decompression sickness (DCS) that occurred during a
commercial diving project. It details the circumstances of
the incident, including the number of dives, the depth and
duration of the dives, the error in the decompression
procedure, and the resulting cases of DCS. It also discusses
the implications of the error on DCS incidence rates and
provides observations on the effects of omitted
decompression time. Additionally, it includes follow-up
information on the divers involved, noting that some
reported minor symptoms of DCS after the project
concluded.
Authors:
Arnaud Druelle, Olivier Castagna, Romain Roffi, Pierre
Louge, Anthony Faivre, and Jean-Eric Blatteau
This paper describes and analyzes an unusual incident of
decompression sickness (DCS) that occurred during a
commercial diving project. It details the circumstances of
the incident, including the number of dives, the depth and
duration of the dives, the error in the decompression
procedure, and the resulting cases of DCS. It also discusses
the implications of the error on DCS incidence rates and
provides observations on the effects of omitted
decompression time. Additionally, it includes follow-up
information on the divers involved, noting that some
reported minor symptoms of DCS after the project
concluded.
12 - Taravana syndrome and posterior reversible encephalopathy
syndrome: a microbubble hypothesis for neurological accidents
in breath-hold divers.
- Published by Frontiers
Authors: Arnaud Druelle, Olivier Castagna, Romain Roffi,
Pierre Louge, Anthony Faivre, and Jean-Eric
Blatteau
Breath-hold diving can be dangerous and may cause
"Taravana" syndrome, which has neurological symptoms
like stroke and cognitive issues. This syndrome is thought
to relate to decompression sickness. A case study suggests
micro-bubbles in the brain could cause this condition,
especially with underwater scooters that allow rapid
ascents.
04 - Five sessions of hyperbaric oxygen for critically ill patients with
COVID-19-induced ARDS: A randomised, open label, phase II
trial
- Published by Science Direct
Authors:
Anders Kjellberg, Johan Douglas, Michael T. Pawlik, Adrian
Hassler, Sarah Al-Ezerjawi, Emil Bostrom, Lina Abdel-Halim,
Lovisa Liwenborg, Anna-Dora Jonasdottir-Njastad, Jan
Kowalski, Sergiu-Bogdan Catrina, Kenny A. Rodriguez-
Wallberg, Peter Lindholm
Few treatment options are available for COVID-19-
induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A trial
evaluated the benefits and harms of hyperbaric oxygen
treatment (HBOT) for this condition. The study, involving
34 patients, found no significant difference in ICU
admissions between HBOT and control groups. HBOT
showed a favorable safety profile, but no conclusive
benefits were established.
Authors: Jawad Mirza, Firdos Kanwal, Umair Ahmad
Salaria, Salman Ghafoor, Imran Aziz, Ahmad
Atieh, Ahmad Almogren, Anwar Ul Haq, and
Benish Kanwal
The safety of SCUBA divers in deep-sea environments is
jeopardized by multiple factors, including environmental
hazards and reliance on technology. This article proposes
an innovative all-optical technique utilizing fiber Bragg
grating (FBG) sensors and an underwater optical
communication-single mode fiber (UWOC-SMF) system for
real-time monitoring of temperature and pressure. This
method aims to enhance diver safety by enabling both
local and remote monitoring through signal variations in
the FBG sensors, significantly improving data accuracy in
challenging underwater conditions.
Authors: Kübra Canarslan Demir, Burak Turgut, Gözde B
Sariyerli Dursun, Fatma S Konyalioglu, Taylan
Zaman
This study investigates the clinical outcomes of patients
treated for spondylodiscitis with a combination of
hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) and antibiotics.
Analysis included the optimal timing of HBOT initiation
and its effect on treatment success and recurrence rates.
The retrospective review of 25 patients treated at Gulhane
Training and Research Hospital indicated significant
improvements in pain, inflammation, and infection
markers, with no recurrence observed during long-term
follow-ups. The findings suggest that HBOT may enhance
recovery in spondylodiscitis cases; however, further large-
scale randomized controlled trials are needed for
conclusive results.
Authors: Ivan Gur, Yehuda Arieli, & Yinnon Matsliah
This article investigates the effects of methylphenidate, a
medication commonly prescribed for ADHD, on the
development of central nervous system oxygen toxicity
(COT) among divers. Utilizing data from divers treated
between 1975-2022 and a parallel animal study with
mice, the research examines whether prior
methylphenidate exposure increases the risk of COT. The
findings indicate that methylphenidate does not correlate
with an elevated risk of COT in divers and may actually
prolong latency to COT in mice, suggesting potential
protective effects.
Authors: Charlotte Sadler, Anna Lussier, Ian Grover, Karen
Van Hoesen, Peter Lindholm
This report discusses a prospective observational study
aimed at evaluating the fitness to dive of divers who have
had COVID-19, referencing previously published
guidelines for assessing their health. The study enrolled
112 divers and categorized them according to their health
status relative to COVID-19. Findings indicated that most
were cleared to return to diving, although a few faced
restrictions or complications, underscoring the guidelines’
efficacy in clinical practice.
Authors: Xu Liu, Hengrong Yuan, Jieying Peng, Guanghao
Zhu, Nan Wang, Yukun Wen, Hongliang Zheng,
Yiqun Fang, Wei Wang
The article investigates the impact of rapid ascent from
200 meters underwater on middle ear barotrauma and
evaluates the effectiveness of tympanocentesis as a
preventive measure against this condition. The study
involved two groups of Sprague Dawley rats, with one
group undergoing a simulated ascent and the other
receiving tympanocentesis beforehand. The results
indicated that the ascent caused significant middle ear
barotrauma and subsequent hearing loss in the non-
punctured group, while the punctured group showed no
signs of barotrauma or hearing impairment.
Authors: Guanghua Chen, Yongbin Huang,
Chunman Huang, Liwei Li, Jingqun Pang,
Hongqiang Li, and Wenxi Zhang
This article outlines a study aimed at establishing a rat
model to investigate skeletal muscle injury resulting from
decompression sickness. It explores the mechanisms
behind muscle damage and evaluates changes in skeletal
muscle and related signaling pathways following repeated
decompression. The findings reveal significant muscle
damage characterized by tissue edema, fiber rupture, and
elevated biomarker levels, alongside a discussion of the
model’s effectiveness in mimicking decompression
pathology.
Authors: Sonja Verena Schmidt, Jannik Hinzmann, Anna
Stammler, Paula Wilhelms zu Bickern, Elisabete
Macedo Santos, Marcus Lehnhardt, and
Christoph Wallner
The article discusses the case of a 73-year-old patient who
experienced classic heat stroke, presenting with an
extreme core body temperature exceeding 42 °C and a
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 3. Following his
transfer to a specialized burn center due to severe burn
injuries, the patient encountered multiple organ failures
during his recovery in the intensive care unit. Remarkably,
through rigorous supportive therapy, the patient fully
recovered despite the serious complications associated
with the heat stroke.
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Authors:
Anderson Geremias Macedo, Danilo Alexandre Massini,
Tiago André Freire Almeida, Luciana Maria dos Reis,
Giovane Galdino, Adriana Teresa Silva Santos, Osvaldo
Tadeu da Silva Júnior, Rubens Venditti Júnior, and Dalton
Muller Pessôa Filho
This document presents a systematic review and meta-
analysis that examines the acute and post-exercise
hemodynamic responses to low-load intensity resistance
exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) compared to
high-load intensity resistance exercise (HI) to determine
whether the cardiovascular responses, specifically heart
rate, blood systolic and diastolic pressure, and rate
pressure product, immediately after and up to 60 minutes
post-exercise, are consistent between the two exercise
protocols in healthy individuals.
